PET 2026 · Science

Body regulation: brain signals and blood pressure

Match each brain region to its control role and read systolic/diastolic pressure

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MINDMAPS FOR UPSCPET 2026 · VISUAL REVISION

Body regulation: brain signals and blood pressure

Match each brain region to its control role and read systolic/diastolic pressure

Concept map
Neural control and circulation

Hypothalamus

  • Located at the base of the forebrain, linking the nervous and endocrine systems.
  • The hypothalamus helps regulate body temperature, hunger and thirst.
  • Controls pituitary hormone release, sleep–wake rhythms and water–salt balance.

Other major brain regions

  • Cerebrum (largest forebrain part) governs intelligence, memory, senses and voluntary acts.
  • Cerebellum (hindbrain) coordinates precision of voluntary movements, posture and balance.
  • Medulla oblongata (hindbrain) controls involuntary actions: breathing, heartbeat, reflexes.

Systolic and diastolic

  • Arterial blood pressure is force per unit area exerted by blood on artery walls.
  • Systolic pressure (~120 mm Hg): peak arterial pressure during ventricular contraction.
  • Diastolic pressure (~80 mm Hg): lowest arterial pressure during ventricular relaxation.

Reading a pressure value

  • Written as systolic / diastolic: 120 / 80 mm Hg (never inverted as 80 / 120 mm Hg).
  • Measured in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg) over the brachial artery using a cuff.
  • 120/80 mmHg is a conventional textbook reference; actual clinical interpretation depends on context.
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Practise this concept · संबंधित प्रश्न

One visual, several questions. These links open the original paper at the matching question.

25 Oct · Shift 2 · 2026

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Sources & study notes · स्रोत

Independent revision material, linked to the paper’s concepts. The question papers and answer-key status are available on OpenPYQ.